Virtually all systems involve using a pair of camera to film the original movie. The two cameras are placed beside each other at the same distance as the separation of human eyes.
This gives you two films; one for the left eye, one for the right. The next stage is in projection - there are two mechanisms widely used so the the left eye receives the information from the left film and the right eye from the right.
The two most common techniques is to use colour filters; the left film is passed through a red filter (say) and the right film passed through a green filter. Viewers have to wear special glasses with corrosponding coloured filters so the the left and right images arrive at the correct eyes. The problem with this system is that, understandably, the colours of the film is distorted by the filters.
A more modern technique uses polarised glasses; polarised light will pass through polarised glass only if they are both polarised in the same direction, by using horizontal polarised glass in one lens of the glasses and vertical in the other, and projecting the left and right films with corrosponding polarisation the left and right information is correctly received. The advantage of this system is that the colour information in the film isn't distorted by the 3d system, the disadvantages is that a special screen is required to maintain the polarisation and the glasses are relatively expensive.
A third system is to use shuttered glasses; these are special glasses that alternately blank out the left and right eye in synchronism with the projector which alternately projects left and right frames. This system is rarely used for public projection, it does get used for home computer games occasionally.
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